Rules of Chinese Billiards 中式台球規則
Section 1 – Regulations
These regulations address dress requirements, protests, scheduling issues, and other items that are not part of the actual Rules of Play but need to be regulated for the individual event. Some aspects of applying the regulations vary from tournament to tournament, such as the number of sets in a match and who breaks after the first rack. The management of an event is entitled to enforce regulations for the event.
These Regulations do not have the same force as the Rules; the Rules have priority.
1. Exceptions to the Rules
The actual Rules of Play may not be altered, unless a permit is issued by CBSA for the individual event. A written explanation of any rules change should be made available at the players’ meeting.
2. Dress Code
Each player’s attire must always meet the level of the competition and be clean, proper and in good condition. If an athlete is unsure about the legality of his attire, the athlete should approach the tournament director before the match and ask whether the attire is legal. The tournament director has the final say with regards to the legality of attire. In exceptional circumstances, the director may permit a player to compete in violation of the dress code e.g. when airline luggage has been misplaced or when player has medical problems. A player may be disqualified for dress code violation.
If there is no announcement before the event, the following dress code is assumed.
2.1. Men
Men may wear a regular collared shirt or polo shirt of any color. Shirt or polo shirt must be tucked in. No T-shirts are allowed. The shirt must have at least a short sleeve. Only dark color dress pants allowed. Denim/blue jeans of any color are forbidden. Shoes must be elegant dress shoes that fit in the outfit. Sneakers and sandals are not allowed. Sports shoes with a dark top of leather or leather-like material are allowed but are subject to the tournament director’s discretion.
2.2. Women
Women may wear a shirt, an elegant top, a dress, a blouse or a polo shirt. T-shirts are not permitted. Dress pants may be of any color. Denim/blue jeans of any color are forbidden. Female athletes may wear a skirt, which must cover the knees. Shoes must be elegant dress shoes that fit in the outfit. Sneakers and sandals are not allowed. Sports shoes with a dark top of leather or leather-like material are allowed but are subject to the tournament director’s discretion.
3. The Referee
3.1. The referee shall:
(a) Be the sole judge of the match and determine all matters of fact relating to the rules, call fouls and take other action.
(b) Be responsible for the proper conduct of the game under these rules.
(c) Answer player’s inquiries regarding objective data and game rules.
(d) Suspend play when conditions do not permit fair play, also when a call or ruling is being disputed.
(e) Be free to make a decision in the interests of fair play for any situation not covered adequately by these Rules.
(f) Tell a player the color or the number of a ball if requested.
(g) Clean any ball upon reasonable request.
(h) May assist the player by getting and replacing the mechanical bridge.
3.2. The referee shall not:
(a) Answer any question not authorized in these rules.
(b) Give any indication that a player is about to make a foul.
(c) Give any advice or opinion on points affecting play.
3.3. If the referee has failed to notice any incident, he may at his discretion take the evidence of the marker or other officials or spectators best placed for the observation to assist his decision.
4. Playing with an “Area” Referee
It may be that a tournament is being played with “area” referees who are each responsible for several tables and there is no referee constantly at each table. In this case, the players are still expected to observe all the rules of the game. The recommended way to conduct play in this situation is as follows:
The non-shooting player will perform all of the duties of the referee. If, prior to a particular shot, the shooting player feels that his opponent will not be able to properly judge the shot, he should ask the area referee to watch the shot. The non-shooting player may also ask for such attention if he feels that he is unable or is unwilling to rule on the shot. Either player has the power to suspend play until he is satisfied with the way the match is being refereed.
If a dispute arises between two players in an un-refereed match, and the area referee is asked to make a decision without having seen the cause of the dispute, he should be careful to understand the situation as completely as possible. This might include asking trusted witnesses, reviewing video playback, or reenacting the shot. If the area referee is asked to determine whether a foul occurred and there is no evidence of the foul except the claim of one player while the other player claims that there was no foul, then it is assumed that no foul occurred.
5. Racking of Balls
In general, magic sheets or triangle racks are used to rack the ball. All object balls are placed to their position by the help of magic sheet or triangle. It is the referee’s duty to rack the balls. If not specified otherwise by organizer of event, the players shall not rack the balls.
6. Calling Frozen Balls
The referee should be careful to inspect and announce the status of any object ball that might be frozen to a cushion and the cue ball when it might be frozen to a ball. The seated player may remind the referee that such a call is necessary. The shooter must allow time for such a determination to be asked for and made, and may ask for the call himself.
7. Restoring a Position
In any case a position of balls needs to be amended it is solely the referee’s duty and responsibility to perform this task. He may form his opinion by any means he considers appropriate at the time. He may consult one or both players on that, however, the particular player’s opinion is not binding and his judgment can be amended. Each involved player has the right to dispute the referee’s judgment just once, but after that it is the referee’s discretion to restore the ball or balls.
8. Outside Interference
The referee should ensure that interference is prevented, for example by a spectator or a player on an adjacent table, and may suspend play as needed. Interference may be physical or verbal. No player shall be penalized for the foul caused by outside interference.
9. Act of God
It may be that something unforeseen under these rules will occur during a match. In such a case, the referee will decide how to proceed in a fair manner. For example, it may be necessary to move a rack in progress to a different table, in which case a stalemate may be declared if a position cannot be transferred.
10. Coaching
It is permitted for a player to receive advice from a coach during a match. This should not be on a continuous shot-by-shot basis that changes the nature of the game. It is up to the referee and tournament management to set additional limits on this. A time out can be used to get coaching help. The coach should not approach the table. If the referee decides that the coach is interfering with or disrupting the match, he may direct the coach to stay away from the match.
11. Acceptance of Equipment
After the tournament or a particular match has been started, the player has no right to question the quality or legality of any equipment provided by the Tournament Organizer unless supported by the referee or the tournament director; any protests must be made beforehand.
12. Player’s Use of Equipment
The equipment must meet existing CBSA equipment specifications. In general, players are not permitted to introduce novel equipment into the game. The following uses, among others, are considered normal. If the player is uncertain about a particular use of equipment, he should discuss it with the tournament management prior to the start of play. The equipment must be used only for the purpose or in the manner that the equipment was intended.
(a) Cue stick – the player is permitted to switch between cue sticks during the match, such as break, jump and normal cues. He may use either a built-in extender or an add-on extender to increase the length of the stick.
(b) Chalk – The player may apply chalk to his tip to prevent miscues, and may use his own chalk, provided its color is compatible with the baize.
(c) Mechanical Bridges – The player may use up to two mechanical bridges to support the cue stick during the shot. The configuration of the bridges is up to the player. He may use his own bridge if it is similar to standard bridges.
(d) Gloves – The player may use gloves to improve the grip and/or bridge hand function.
(e) Powder – A player is allowed to use powder in a reasonable amount as determined by the referee.
13. Late Start
Players must be at the table and ready to play their assigned match at the appointed match time. If a player is late for his appointed match time, he will be penalized according to the way agreed before the event. If both players are late, they will be penalized individually according to their degrees of violation. A stricter requirement may be used for repeat offenders.
14. Subsequent Break Shots
For deciding who will break in racks after the first, the tournament management may choose a procedure different from the standard one listed in the Rules. For example, the winner may break or the players break alternatively.
15. Remaining In Player’s Chair
The non-shooting player should remain in his designated chair while his opponent is at the table. Should a player need to leave the playing area during matches, he must request and receive permission from the referee. Should a player leave the playing area during the match (include times between racks) without the permission of the referee, it will be treated like unsportsmanlike conduct.
16. Shot Clock
A shot clock may be requested at any time during a match by a tournament official or either player involved in that match. The tournament director or other appointed official decides whether to use a shot clock or not. Should a shot clock be introduced, both players will be “on the clock” and there will be an official timekeeper for the duration of the match. Normally there will be a warning when 10 seconds remain. The shot clock will be started when all balls come to rest, including spinning balls, or when the previous player leaves the table. The shot clock will end when the cue tip strikes the cue ball to initiate a stroke or when the player calls extension. If a player runs out of time, it will be a foul.
17. Time out
Unless specified otherwise by the tournament organizer, each player is allowed to take one time out of five minutes during matches played over 9 games. To exercise the right to a time out the player must inform the referee of his/her intention and make sure the referee is aware of the fact and marks it on the score sheet.
The player taking the time out should remember that his actions must be within the spirit of the game and if he acts otherwise, he is subject to a penalty under the Unsportsmanlike Conduct.
If a player is suffering from a medical condition, the tournament director may choose to adjust the number of time outs.
The referee will suspend the play promptly when conditions do not permit fair play, until such conditions disappears. If this happened during one rack, referee has to keep the ball on the table intact. The play will resumes with the previous order maintained. If the table condition cannot be maintained due to objective reasons, referee or the organizer shall inform the player and nullify this rack, a new rack will be played when everything is ready.
18. Improper Conduct
In the event of refusing to continue a rack, or any conduct by a player which in the opinion of the referee is willfully or persistently unfair, including taking an abnormal amount of time or be warned as per described in Section 1 Rule 20 or any other unsportsmanlike conduct, the referee shall warn the player that in the event of any such further conduct the match will be awarded to his/her opponent.
19. Penalizing Unsportsmanlike Conduct
The rules and regulations give the referee and other officials considerable latitude in penalizing unsportsmanlike conduct. Several factors should be considered in such decisions, including previous conduct, previous warnings, how serious the offense is, and information that the players may have been given at the Players’ Meeting at the start of the tournament. In addition, the level of competition may be considered since players at the top levels can be expected to be fully familiar with the rules and regulations, while relative beginners may be unfamiliar with how the rules are normally applied.
20. Protest Ruling
If a player needs a decision to be taken, the first person to be contacted is the referee. The referee will form his decision by all means that seem suitable to him. If the player wants to protest against that ruling, he may contact the head referee and after that the tournament director. In any regular tournament, the tournament director’s decision is binding and final. A deposit from the protestor is required for such an appeal and it will be forfeited in case of an adverse final decision. The amount of deposit will be stated on program book or clarified on the player’s meeting before event.
A player is allowed to ask for a reconsideration of a factual decision by the referee only one time. If he asks for reconsideration of the same matter a second time, it will be treated as unsportsmanlike conduct.
Section 2. Rules of Play
1. Player’s Responsibility
It is the player’s responsibility to be aware of all rules, regulations and schedules applying to competition. While tournament officials will make every reasonable effort to have such information readily available to all players as appropriate, the ultimate responsibility rests with the player.
2. Lagging
The lag is the first shot of the match and determines order of play. The player who wins the lag chooses who will shoot first.
The referee will place a ball on each side of the table behind the head string and near the head string. The players will shoot at about the same time to make each ball contact the top cushion(the short cushion near the spot) with the goal of returning the ball closer to the bottom cushion(the short cushion near the string) than the opponent.
A lag shot is bad and cannot win if the shooter’s ball:
(a) Comes into opponent’s half.
(b) Doesn’t contact the top cushion.
(c) Contacts the top cushion more than once.
(d) Is pocketed or driven off the table.
(e) Touches the side cushion or the ball rests within the corner pocket and pass the nose of bottom cushion.
The players will lag again if:
(a) One player strikes too later than the opponent.
(b) The referee cannot determine which ball has stopped closer to the bottom cushion.
(c) Both lags are bad.
3. Spotting Balls
If it is necessary to put back the ball, the referee shall make best endeavor to put the ball to the place where it should be placed. If there is any interfering ball, ball should be placed on the long axis of the table as close as possible to the spot, between the spot and the top cushion, without moving any interfering ball. If other balls block the long axis between the spot and top cushion at all, the ball is spotted above the spot, on the long axis, and as close as possible to the spot. The player must accept the referee’s decision.
4. Cue Ball In Hand
When the cue ball is in hand, the shooter may place the cue ball anywhere on the playing surface and may continue to move the cue ball until he executes a shot. Players may use any part of the cue stick to move the cue ball, including the tip, but not with a forward stroke motion.
5. Cue Ball In Hand Behind the String
The player is awarded to play with cue ball in hand behind the string ONLY when his/her opponent fouls at the open break. When the cue ball is in hand behind the string, and the first ball the cue ball contacts is also behind the head string, the shot is a foul unless the cue ball crosses the string before that contact.
When the shooter has the cue ball in hand behind the string and all the legal object balls are behind the string, he may request the legal object ball nearest the string to be spotted. If two or more balls are equal distance from the string, the shooter may designate which of the equidistant balls is to be spotted. An object ball that rests exactly on the string is playable.
6. Standard Call Shot
In games in which the shooter is required to call shots, the intended ball and pocket must be indicated for each shot if they are not obvious. Details of the shot, such as cushions struck or other balls contacted or pocketed are irrelevant. Only one ball may be called on each shot.
For a called shot to count, the referee must be satisfied that the intended shot was made, so if there is any chance of confusion, e.g. with bank, combination and similar shots, the shooter should indicate the ball and pocket. If the referee or opponent is unsure of the shot to be played, he may ask for a call.
The detailed requirement for calling a shot can be decided by the organizer of event before the event begins.
In call shot games, the shooter may choose to call “safety” instead of a ball and pocket, and then play passes to the opponent at the end of the shot. Whether balls are being spotted after safeties depends on the rules of the particular game.
7. Split Hits
If the cue ball strikes a legal object ball and a non-legal object ball at approximately the same instant, and it cannot be determined which ball was hit first, it will be assumed that the legal target was struck first.
8. Balls Settling
A ball may settle slightly after it appears to have stopped, possibly due to slight imperfections in the ball or the table. Unless this causes a ball to fall into a pocket, it is considered a normal hazard of play, and the ball will not be moved back. If a ball falls into a pocket as the result of such settling, it is restored as closely as possible to its original position. If a settling ball falls into a pocket during or just prior to a shot, and this has an effect on the shot, the referee will restore the position and the shot will be replayed. The shooter is not penalized for shooting while a ball is settling.
9. Outside Interference
When outside interference occurs during a shot that has an effect on the outcome of that shot, the referee will restore the balls to the positions they had before the shot, and the shot will be replayed. If the interference had no effect on the shot, the referee will restore the disturbed balls and play will continue. If the balls cannot be restored to their original positions, the situation is handled like a stalemate.
10. Protesting Rulings
If a player needs a decision to be taken, the first person to be contacted is the referee. The referee will form his decision by all means that seem suitable to him. If the player wants to protest against that ruling, he may contact the head referee and after that the tournament director. In any regular tournament, the tournament director’s decision is binding and final. A deposit from the protestor is required for such an appeal and it will be forfeited in case of an adverse final decision. The amount of deposit will be stated on program book or clarified on the player’s meeting before event.
A player is allowed to ask for a reconsideration of a factual decision by the referee only one time. If he asks for reconsideration of the same matter a second time, it will be treated as unsportsmanlike conduct.
11. Concession
Player may only concede during his inning. A concession can be made for the rack or for the match. The opponent has the right to accept or refuse the concession, which becomes null and void if the opponent chooses to play on.
12. Unsportsmanlike Conduct
The normal penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct is the same as for a serious foul, but the referee may impose a penalty depending on his judgment of the conduct. Among other penalties possible are a warning; a standard-foul penalty, which will count as part of a three-foul sequence if applicable; a serious-foul penalty; loss of a rack, set or match; ejection from the competition possibly with forfeiture of all prizes, trophies and standings points.
Unsportsmanlike conduct is any intentional behavior that brings disrepute to the sport or which disrupts or changes the game to the extent that it cannot be played fairly.
It includes:
(a) Distracting the opponent.
(b) Changing the position of the balls in play other than a shot.
(c) Playing a shot by intentionally miscuing.
(d) Continuing to play after a foul has been called or play has been suspended.
(e) Practicing during a match.
(f) Marking the table.
(g) Delay of the game.
(h) Using equipment inappropriately.
Section 3. The Game of Chinese Billiards
1. Mode of Play
Chinese billiards is played with fifteen numbered object balls and the cue ball. If one player choose the “solid” group (number one through seven), then the opponent is assigned the “stripe” group (number nine through fifteen), and vice versa. The shooter’s group of seven balls must all be off the table before he attempts to pocket the called eight ball to win the rack.
2. Equipment
(a) Table: The playing area within the cushion faces shall measure 2540 x 1270mm with a tolerance on both dimensions of +/-9mm. The height of table from the floor to the top of the cushion rail shall be from 800mm to 850mm.
(b) Cue: A cue shall be not less than 101.6mm in length with shape and form must be of a design approved by CBSA.
(c) Ball: The ball shall each have a diameter of 57.15mm with a tolerance of +/-0.05mm. They shall be of equal weight from 156g to 170g.
(d) The Spot: 635mm from a point perpendicularly below the face of the top cushion.
(e) String: A straight line drawn 635mm from the face of bottom cushion and parallel to it, both sides meet the 2 side cushions.
(f) Area behind the string: The area between the top cushion and the string.
3. Ball Racking
The fifteen object balls are racked as tightly as possible in a triangle, with the apex ball on the spot and the eight ball as the first ball that is directly below the apex ball. One from each group of seven will be on the two lower corners of the triangle. The other balls are placed in the triangle without purposeful or intentional pattern.
Both players/parties are entitled to check if the racking is conforming the rule and ask the referee to rectify.
4. Break Shot
4.1 Determining First Break (See Section 2 Rule 2)
4.2 Legal Break
The cue ball begins in hand behind the string and,
(a) At least one object ball is pocketed or
(b) At least four object balls must be driven to one or more rails.
Otherwise, the shot results in an illegal break, and the incoming player has the option of:
(a) Shooting with the cue ball in hand behind the string. or
(b) Re-racking, then breaking OR allowing the offending player to break again.
(c) Accepting the table in position and continue. (Except when cue ball scratch or be driven off the table)
4.3 The incoming player is not entitled to have the option of re-racking when any other foul (not mentioned above) occurs during the break shot.
4.4 If the eight ball is pocketed.
It shall be re-spotted; the breaker have to accepts the balls in position and continue.
4.5 If the eight ball is pocketed with any other foul occurs, the opponent has the option of:
(a) Re-spotting the eight ball and shooting with cure ball in hand behind the string; or
(b) Re-spotting the eight ball and accepting the table in position. (Except when cue ball scratches or be driven off the table)
5. Open Table/Choosing Groups
The table is said to be “open” before the groups are determined.
5.1 The table is open after rack begins. When the table is “open”, if player first hit the solid ball but ONLY strip ball pocketed, or vice versa, play passes to the other player, and the table remains “open”.
5.2 When the table is “open”, any object ball may be struck first except the eight ball.
5.3 When the table is “open”, any object ball not legally pocketed remains off the table.
5.4 The table remains open after the open break, no matter how many object balls are pocketed by the breaker. The groups only be decided when player legally pocketed the object ball after the break shot.
6. Shots Required to Be Called
6.1 ONLY the shooting of the eight ball is required to be called.
6.2 The eight ball may be called only after the shot on which the shooter’s group has been cleared from the table.
7. Shot
7.1 After the shot, the first object ball struck must be the ball belongs to his/her group when table is not open, or be the eight ball when his/her group balls are all cleared from the table.
7.2 If no ball is pocketed on a shot, the cue ball must contact an object ball, and after that contact at least one ball (cue ball or any object ball) must be driven to a rail.
7.3 A ball is considered driven off the table if it comes to rest other than on the playing surface but is not pocketed. Any object ball be driven off won’t be put back to the table in this rack. It is a foul to drive any ball off the table.
7.4 It is a foul to touch, move or change the path of any object ball except by the normal ball-to-ball contacts during shots. It is a foul to touch, move or change the path of the cue ball except when it is in hand or by the normal tip-to-ball forward stroke contact of a shot. The shooter is responsible for the equipment he controls at the table, such as chalk, bridges, clothing, his hair, parts of his body, and the cue ball when it is in hand, that may be involved in such fouls.
7.5 If the cue-tip contacts the cue ball more than once on a shot, the shot is a foul.
If any rule above is infringed, the opponent player will be awarded playing from the cue ball in hand.
If a foul is not called before the next shot begins, the foul is assumed not to have happened.
8. Touching Ball/Frozen Ball
8.1 If the cue ball is touching an object ball at the start of shot, it is legal to shoot towards or partly into the ball. The touched object ball must move after the shot and the action of shot should be obvious. If this rule is infringed, the opponent player will be awarded playing from the cue ball in hand.
8.2 A ball touching the rail at the start of a shot (said to be “frozen” to the rail) is NOT considered driven to that rail unless it leaves the rail and return. For a legal shot in such condition, please refer to Section 3 Rule 7.2
If any rule above is infringed, the opponent player will be awarded playing from the cue ball in hand.
9. Jump Shot
9.1 A jump shot is one in which the cue ball is made to go over an intervening obstacle such as an object ball or part of the cushion to hit the legal object ball.
9.2 Only the top half of the cue ball can be hit by cue tip when playing a legal jump shot.
If the jump shot is illegal, the opponent player will be awarded playing from the cue ball in hand.
10. Fouls
If the shooter commits a foul, play passes to his opponent. The cue ball is in hand, and the incoming player may place it anywhere on the playing surface.
The following are standard fouls at Chinese billiards:
(a) Cue ball scratch or off the table
(b) Wrong ball first
(c) Play when there is any ball on the table still moving or spinning
(d) No foot on the floor
(e) Ball driven off the table
(f) Touched ball
(g) Double hit
(h) Push shot
(i) Bad play from behind the string
11. Shooting the Eight Ball
If any foul occurs or cue ball scratches when shooting at the eight ball, the shooter doesn’t considered losing the rack as long as the eight ball is NOT pocketed or NOT driven off the table.
12. Wrong Group
If the groups have been determined and the player mistakenly shoots at a ball of the opponent’s group, the foul must be called before he takes his next shot. Upon recognition by either player or the referee that the groups have been reversed, the rack will be halted and will be replayed with the original player executing the break shot.
13. Losing the Rack
The shooter loses if:
(a) Fouls when pocketing the eight ball (except for the break shot);
(b) The last ball of his group and the eight ball are pocketed in the same shot.
(c) Drives the eight ball off the table;
(d) Pockets the eight ball in an uncalled pocket;
(e) Pockets the eight ball before his/her group is cleared.
14. Stalemate
If the referee thinks a position of stalemate exists, or is being approached, he shall offer the players the immediate option of re-starting the rack. If any player objects, the referee shall allow play to continue with the proviso that the situation must change within a stated period, usually after three more strokes to each side but at the referee’s discretion. If the situation remains basically unchanged after the stated period has expired, the referee shall re-rack all balls as for the start of a rack.
And:
(a) The original breaker of the rack will break again.
(b) The same established order of play been maintained.
中式台球規則
通則
通則列明了諸如著裝要求、申訴程序、賽程安排等未包含在比賽規則中，但又在實際比賽中需要約定的事宜。通則內容在每次比賽中都不同，例如單場局數、開球順序等。比賽組委會有權根據通則精神在賽前確定並依此執行。相對而言，比賽規則需要在比賽過程中嚴格執行。
1. 比賽規則特例
比賽規則不允許被隨意更改，除非得到中國台球協會許可，對規則臨時變動的書面解釋應在賽前運動員會議中公布。
2. 選手服裝要求
每位選手的服裝必須符合比賽要求並且整潔乾淨。如果選手不確定自己的服裝是否符合要求，可以在賽前向賽事總監確認。賽事總監對服裝要求有最終決定權。特殊情況時，賽事總監可以允許服裝不符合要求的選手參加比賽，例如航班托運行李遺失、選手特殊身體狀況等情況。選手可能會因為服裝未達要求而被取消比賽資格。
如果在比賽前沒有宣布關於服裝的具體要求，則默認采用下列服裝要求。
2.1. 男子
男選手可以穿著任何顏色的有領子、袖子的襯衫或者POLO衫（有領T恤衫），上衣必須束在褲子里。褲子的顏色為深色，要註意的是不允許穿著任何牛仔褲或者牛仔面料的褲子。鞋子必須是正規而且與全身裝束匹配的款式，不允許穿著運動鞋或涼鞋。在賽事總監允許的情況下選手可以穿著皮質或者仿皮材質的運動鞋。
2.2. 女子
女選手的上裝可以是襯衫、休閑襯衫、POLO衫（有領T恤衫）或者其他款式優雅、莊重的女士上裝。對褲裝顏色沒有特殊要求，要註意的是不允許穿著任何牛仔褲或者牛仔面料的褲子，女選手可以穿著裙子參加比賽。鞋子必須是正規而且與全身裝束匹配的款式，不允許穿著運動鞋或涼鞋。在賽事總監允許的情況下選手可以穿著皮質或者仿皮材質的運動鞋。
3. 裁判
3.1. 裁判應當
(a) 是一場比賽的唯一裁決者，對比賽中所發生的一切作出判決。
(b) 負責執行比賽規則並維持比賽順利進行。
(c) 裁判應當回答選手提出的有關客觀事實以及與比賽規則相關的問題。
(d) 在有違公平競賽原則時，裁判有權推遲比賽進程，這種權力同樣適用於出現爭議時。
(e) 如果規則沒有涵蓋比賽過程中出現的特殊情況，裁判可以在公平競賽原則下對該狀況作出判決。
(f) 如果被要求，可以告知擊球選手目標球的顏色或號碼。
(g) 在合理要求下清潔任何台面上的球。
(h) 協助選手拿出或放回架桿等輔助設備。
3.2. 裁判不應
(a) 回答任何與規則無關的問題。
(b) 提示擊球選手該次擊球可能會出現的犯規。
(c) 提供足以影響賽事的建議和意見。
3.3. 如果裁判沒能註意到某爭議情況，他可以參考在場的記分員，其他賽事工作人員或看台中所處最佳位置觀眾的意見後作出裁決。
4. “區域裁判” 形式的比賽
“區域裁判”形式的比賽是指一名裁判同時執裁幾張球台上進行的比賽，而不是單一執裁一場比賽。這種情況下，選手仍然需要遵守比賽規則。具體建議如下：
非擊球選手將承擔裁判的職責。如果在擊打前，擊球選手認為對手將無法對他的擊打作出適當判罰，該選手可以讓裁判在一邊觀看這一擊打過程。同樣，非擊球選手也可以在不肯定或不願意執裁某情況時尋求裁判的幫助。任何一方都有權暫停比賽直到他對比賽的執裁結果表示滿意。
當選手間出現爭執情況，裁判將對他並沒有親眼所見的情況進行判罰，這時裁判需要在盡可能全面了解當時的情況後謹慎的作出判罰，這個過程可以包括詢問其他目擊者、回放比賽錄相以及重新演示之前的擊打過程等。當裁判被要求裁定是否有犯規情況出現，而同時沒有明顯的跡象表明確實是犯規，除非在一方聲稱自己沒有犯規時對方提出抗議，否則均假定沒有犯規行為的發生。
5. 球的擺放
目前普遍使用排球紙和三角架擺球。當球局開始，排球紙或三角架放在置球區，所有的球被放置在排球紙或三角架的框內然後被擺放在置球區。擺球是裁判的職責，球員不能自行擺球，除非賽事組委會有明確要求。
6. 貼庫球以及貼球的宣告
裁判應在目標球可能貼庫或貼主球的情況下認真觀察並作出宣告，選手可以在必要情況下提醒裁判對此類情況作出宣告。選手必須給予裁判充足的時間作出判定。
7. 重新擺放/複原球的位置
在任何情況下當一顆球需要重新被擺放或複原時，唯一有權單獨執行該任務的是裁判。裁判可以以任何方式在合適的時間執行該規則，並且可以詢問雙方選手，任一選手所提出未有爭議的建議可以被採納。任一選手可對裁判的看法提出一次異議，但在這之後，裁判的最終判斷將決定球的重新擺放或複原位置。
8. 防止外界干擾
裁判應避免比賽受到干擾，例如來自鄰桌選手或觀眾的干擾，如有必要比賽可因此暫停或推遲。幹擾可以是來自肢體或語言等方面。由於外界干擾導致選手出現犯規，該選手無需負責。
9. 不可抗拒因素
比賽中可能會出現規則未列出且無法預料的情況。出現此情況時，裁判會在公平競賽的原則下作出判決，必要時一局比賽可能會被移至另一張球台進行，球的位置無法移動時裁判宣布該局比賽為僵局。
10. 教練
比賽中允許選手接受教練的指導。但選手連續擊打時，這種情況不被準予，因為這將影響比賽的連貫性。裁判和賽事組委會有權對此設定附加限制。選手有權請求暫停以向教練獲取幫助，但教練不得接近比賽臺面。如果裁判認為一名教練干擾或影響了比賽，可責令該教練遠離比賽球台。
11. 對比賽器材的默認接受
在一次巡回賽或一次單獨比賽開始後，球員無權置疑比賽組織者所提供器材的質量及權威性。相關抗議必須在比賽正式開始前提出。
12.選手對器材的使用
選手使用的器材必須符合中國臺球協會對器材的規定。通常來說，選手們不可以在比賽中使用其他新式器材。以下提及的器材是合法的。如果一名選手對器材的某一特殊用途有疑問，應當在比賽前詢問賽事組委會並得到明確答複。除了器材本身設計的使用方式外，選手不得改變其用途。
(a) 球桿：允許選手在比賽期間調換球桿，例如開球桿，跳桿及普通桿。選手可以使用內置的或外接的球桿延長器以增加球桿的長度。
(b) 巧粉：選手可以使用巧粉以防止桿頭打滑，並且可以自帶巧粉，但巧粉的顏色需與台尼顏色匹配。
(c) 架桿：選手可以同時使用最多兩種架桿來支撐球桿。選手可以使用自己的架桿，但該架桿必須符合規定或得到當值裁判認可。
(d) 手套：選手可以使用幫助握桿或手架的手套。
(e) 滑石粉：在裁判認為合理用量的情況下允許選手使用滑石粉。
13. 遲到
選手必須在規定的比賽時間到達球臺並準備開始比賽。如果一名選手在規定時間未出現，則依照賽前約定的處罰辦法處罰。如果兩名選手均遲到，則根據各自情況分別給予相應處罰。對於反複遲到的選手，賽會可采用更嚴格的處罰辦法。
14. 開球順序
賽事組委會有權決定開球順序。例如，由勝方開球或輪流開球等。
15. 非擊球選手
當擊球選手在場上進行比賽時，非擊球選手應停留在其指定座椅區。當選手在比賽期間（包括局與局之間）需要離開比賽區域，他必須得到裁判的允許。如果在未經裁判允許的情況下離開比賽區域，此舉將被視為違背體育精神的行為。
16. 限時擊球
目前在各類比賽中經常採用限時擊球的比賽方式。賽前賽事組委會會對每一次擊球的限制時間，單局或單場延時的時間以及次數作出明確規定。比賽中會有一名工作人員（裁判或場外專職人員）或專門的計時設備進行記時，通常會在剩下10秒時作出一次提醒。計時從臺面上所有球靜止或上一位選手離開球台範圍開始，結束於桿頭接觸主球產生一次擊打或選手請求延時。如擊球選手在規定時間內沒有出桿，便為犯規。
17. 暫停
除了賽事組委會另外規定外，每名球員在超過9局的比賽中可請求一次5分鐘的暫停。球員執行暫停權力前必須告訴裁判他的意圖，並且確定裁判意識到該事實且在記錄表上登記。
暫停期間選手如有不妥行為舉止，他將被剝奪暫停權力。情節嚴重者將會因違反體育精神而受到處罰。
選手申請暫停應該在局與局之間，特殊情況除外。
手如果因為藥物原因等特殊情況出現不適，賽事總監可調整暫停次數及時間。
當出現影響比賽公平、順利進行的情況時，裁判需第一時間作出暫停比賽的舉措，直到該情況消失為止。如果該情況發生在一局比賽過程中，裁判必須保證台面上的球局保持原狀，直到暫停結束，比賽依照暫停前的擊球順序繼續。如客觀原因造成球局無法被保持原狀，裁判或賽事組委會有權在適當的時候告知選手此局作廢，待比賽能順利進行時重新開始新的一局球。
18. 不當行為
拒絕進行一局比賽，或其言行依照裁判的判斷有故意或持續的不妥，包括持續浪費時間且被依照本章第20條所警告或者有非紳士的舉動，裁判應警告他如不改善此舉的話將被判輸掉該場比賽。
19. 對違背體育精神行為的處罰
比賽規則和通則中對於違背體育精神行為的處罰給裁判和賽事官員留有比較寬泛和靈活的處理空間。判罰的依據可以考慮以下這些方面：選手之前的行為表現、事先的警告、行為的嚴重性以及賽前運動員會議上是否強調等。此外，比賽的級別也可以作為考慮因素，因為一名優秀的運動員除了具有高超的球技之外，得體的言行也是必備的素質。
20. 申訴規則
如果選手有需要裁定的事宜，首先應與裁判溝通，裁判會作出最恰當的判定。如果選手對裁決有異議，可以向裁判長隨後是賽事總監進行申訴。在正規比賽中，賽事總監的裁決是有最終決定性的判定。申訴者在每次申訴之前需要交納申訴費，如果申訴失敗申訴費不被退還，申訴費的具體數額需在賽事秩序冊或者賽前運動員會議上明確。
同一名選手就相同問題只能提出一次申訴，如果他就同一個問題第二次提出申訴，該舉動將會被視為違背體育精神的行為並受到相應處罰。
Section 2. 比賽規則
1. 選手的責任
選手有責任了解所有與比賽相關的規則，條例及賽程等。賽會官員盡量將相關資訊準確及時的傳達給選手，但這依然是選手的主要責任。
2. 比球
比球是比賽中用來決定開球順序的第一次擊球。比球獲勝的選手獲得開球選擇權。
裁判會將兩顆球分別放置在開球線後，兩名選手在大約同一時間擊球並使其接觸頂庫（靠近置球點一側的短庫）後返回，球停止時更靠近底庫（靠近開球線一側的短庫）的一方獲得比球勝利。
一次非法比球或不能獲得勝利的比球是指，選手擊出的球:
(a) 越過球台縱軸線進入對手區域
(b) 未碰頂庫
(c) 接觸頂庫超過一次
(d) 球入袋或離開臺面
(e) 接觸兩側庫邊或停留在角袋袋口並且已越過底庫邊線
如果出現下列情況，選手重新比球:
(a) 一名選手明顯晚於對手擊球
(b) 球靜止後裁判無法判斷哪一顆球更接近底庫
(c) 雙方都出現非法比球
3. 重置球
當有必要重新將球放置於台面時，裁判應盡其所能把相關的球放置回它們應該在的位置上。如有障礙球使得該動作無法執行，重置球應該在不碰觸其他球的前提下被放置在置球點與頂庫之間的縱軸線上，且盡量靠近置球點。如果整條置球點與頂庫之間的置球線都被其他球覆蓋，重置球應當被放置於盡可能接近置球點的球臺縱軸線上。選手必須接受裁判所判斷的位置。
4. 自由擊球權
選手犯規時，對手可將主球放置在比賽台面上的任意位置向任意方向擊球，並可以在執行擊球動作前繼續移動主球。選手可以使用球桿的任何部分移動主球，包括桿頭，但不得有向前的擊球動作。
5. 線後自由球
開球選手犯規時，對手獲線後自由球此時只能將主球放置在開球線後，且不能直接擊打開球線後的目標球，但選手可先將主球擊過開球線，再使主球返回碰觸開球線後的目標球。
若所有合法目標球都在開球線後，此時選手可以要求裁判將最靠近開球線的那顆合法目標球重置於置球點。如果兩顆或兩顆以上的合法目標球離開球線的距離相等，選手可指定重置哪一顆球。恰好停留在開球線上的目標球是可以被擊打的。
6. 指球定袋
在執行指球定袋（指明下一桿所要擊打的目標球以及要進的球袋）規則的比賽中，選手擊打哪顆目標球和進哪個球袋必須明確告知裁判或對手。至於進球的過程，比如碰觸幾次庫邊、是否接觸其他球，以及其他球是否入袋則無關緊要。每一次擊球只可指定一顆目標球和一個球袋。指球定袋的明確標準可由賽事組委會在賽前進行規定。
在執行指球定袋的比賽中，選手可以選擇安全擊打而非直接擊球入袋，此後球權交於對手。選手選擇擊打安全球之後有球入袋的情況下該球是否需要被重置，取決於該項目是否有特定的規定。
7. 同時擊中
如主球在一瞬間幾乎同時擊中一顆合法目標球和一顆非法目標球並且難以判斷先擊中哪顆球時，該情況被假設為合法目標球先被擊中。
8. 球自行移動
一顆球在看上去似乎已經靜止後可能出現自行移動，這可能是因為球或球台有微小的缺陷，選手不會因球自行移動而受到任何處罰。在比賽中這被視為正常情況，除非該情況導致了球入袋，出現該情況後自行移動入袋的球需要被盡可能放回原位。如果選手的一次擊球過程中有球因自行移動而入袋，並且該入袋現象影響到這次擊球的結果，裁判應複原臺面並讓選手重新擊球。
9. 非選手干擾
比賽過程中如果有非選手幹擾發生並且影響到某次擊球結果，裁判應將所有相關的球放置回原來的位置，由該選手重新擊球。如果這次干擾對擊球結果沒有造成影響，裁判僅需重新放置受到干擾的球，而比賽繼續進行。如果球已無法被放置回原來的位置，此局即判為僵局。
10. 提出對宣判的異議
如果選手有需要裁定的事宜，首先應與裁判溝通，裁判會作出最恰當的判定。如果選手對裁決有異議，可以向裁判長隨後是賽事總監提出抗議和申訴，比賽中賽事總監的裁決是有最終決定性的判定。申訴者在每次申訴之前需要交納申訴費，如果申訴失敗所交費用不予退還，申訴費的具體數額需在賽事秩序冊或者賽前運動員會議上明確。
同一名選手就相同問題只能提出一次申訴，如果他就同一個問題第二次提出申訴，該舉動將會被視為違背體育精神的行為並受到相應處罰。
11. 棄權
選手只可以在輪到他擊球時才能提出棄權決定。棄權可以是針對一局比賽也可以是針對一場比賽。對手有權接受或拒絕。如果對手表示繼續比賽，該決定無效。
12. 違背體育精神的行為
通常來說對違背體育精神行為的罰則裁判可通過他對選手犯規行為的判斷而進行調整。這些罰則可以是一次警告，一次標準犯規的罰則，輸掉該局、輪或比賽，取消比賽資格或可能取消名次，獎章，獎金和排名積分等。總之，對於違背體育精神的行為，裁判應當作出合乎比賽精神的判罰。
違背體育精神的行為是指任何蓄意玷汙體育精神，破壞或改變公平競賽原則的行為。
這包括:
(a) 干擾對手
(b) 未以擊球方式而隨便移動球的位置
(c) 故意打出滑桿
(d) 在裁判宣判一次犯規或宣判比賽延時後繼續擊球
(e) 在比賽期間練球
(f) 在球台上做記號
(g) 故意推遲比賽
(h) 不恰當地使用器材
Section 3. 中式台球
1. 比賽方式
中式台球比賽使用1至15號目標球及主球。一方選手如選擇打1至7號（全色球）目標球，另一方選手則必須打9至15號（花色球）目標球。選手先將自己花色的目標球全部擊入球袋後，再將8號球擊入球袋，即贏得該局。
2. 器材
(a) 球台：內沿尺寸2540×1270mm（允許誤差+/-9mm），從地面到庫邊頂部高度為800mm—850mm。
(b) 球桿：不短於101.6mm，制作材料及形狀須符合中國臺球協會的標準。
(c) 球：直徑57.15mm（允許誤差+/-0.05mm），重量156g-170g。
(d) 置球點：球臺縱向中線上距頂庫635mm的點。
(e) 開球線：平行於球臺底庫，距底庫635mm , 並與左右兩邊庫相交的直線。
(f) 開球區：開球線與底庫之間的區域。
3. 擺放球
目標球擺成三角形，頂角的球置於“置球點”上，8號球位於三角形的中心，三角形的底邊兩端分別放置一顆全色球和一顆花色球，其它目標球隨意擺放，但必須彼此緊貼。
雙方選手均可檢查球擺放是否符合規則，並可要求修正。
4. 開球
4.1 開球選擇權 (參見第2章第2條)
4.2 合法開球
開球時，開球方將主球置於開球線後出桿擊球後必須至少
(a) 有目標球進袋 或者;
(b) 最少有四顆目標球碰觸庫邊
違反者即為開球犯規，其對手可作下列的選擇：
(a) 獲得線後自由擊球權或
(b) 重新擺球由自己開球或要求原開球的選手重新開球
(c) 接受臺面現有情況，繼續擊球（主球出台或入袋除外）。
4.3 開球時出現任何其他犯規行為，對手不可以選擇重新開球。
4.4 開球時8號球入袋
原開開球方可以將8號球重置於置球點，並接受臺面現有情況繼續擊球。
4.5 開球時8號球入袋並伴有犯規，對手可以選擇:
(a) 將8號球取出重置於置球點上，並獲得線後自由擊球權或
(b) 接受台面所有球的位置，繼續擊球（主球出臺或入袋除外）。
5. 開放球局（選擇球組）
開放球局是指該局比賽中兩組球的歸屬權尚未決定。
5.1 在開球後球局立刻開放，此時選手可先擊打全色球以撞進花色球，反之亦可，但該進球不能使球局關閉，換由對手出桿，球局仍為開放。
5.2 當球局開放時，選手可合法首先擊中除8號球以外的任何目標球，但主球若先擊中8號球則為犯規。
5.3 在球局開放時任何不合法入袋的目標球均不必取出。
5.4 球組的歸屬權並非決定於開球時，開球時無論進球與否，球局均為開放，球組歸屬權取決於開球後選手合法地擊進指定球。
6. 指球定袋
6.1 除8號球必須指球定袋外，所有的擊打都無須指球定袋。
6.2 8號球必須在選手擊打完自己球組的所有目標球以後才能指球定袋。
7. 擊球
7.1 選手擊球後，主球最先碰觸的球必須是其選定的那組目標球，如其球組的目標球已全部進袋，則應首先擊中8號球。
7.2 選手擊球後，若沒有目標球入袋，須至少有1顆球碰觸庫邊（含主球）。
7.3 選手擊球後，未入袋的目標球和主球必須停留在台面上。如有任何目標球跳離臺面均被視為合理消失，不再重置於臺面。
7.4 擊球過程中（包括出桿前後），擊球者除桿頭以外的身體任何部分（包括服飾）、器材（包括桿身、架桿、巧克等）均不得碰觸臺面上的任何球。
7.5 在一次擊打過程中，桿頭不能碰觸主球兩次以上（含兩次）。
違反以上規則的處罰：對方獲自由擊球權。
所有犯規行為必須在下一出桿前做出判決，否則視為未發生任何犯規行為。
8. 貼球
8.1 主球與台面上要擊打的目標球相貼時，選手擊打主球後，必須使該目標球移動，且出桿方向沒有限制，但擊打動作必須明顯。
8.2 目標球與庫邊相貼時，主球擊打該目標球後，該目標球必須離開庫邊後再次碰觸庫邊或有其他球（包括主球）碰庫邊或有目標球入袋。
違反以上規則的處罰：對方獲自由擊球權。
9. 跳球
9.1 選手可擊打主球跳躍過其它目標球，且合法擊中自己球組的目標球。
9.2 跳球時，擊球者只能用桿頭擊打主球球面1/2以上的區域。
違反以上規則的處罰：對方獲自由擊球權。
10. 犯規
如果一名選手出現一次犯規，他的對手獲得自由擊球權。
以下為比賽中的一般犯規：
(a) 主球入袋或離開球台
(b) 主球先接觸非法目標球
(c) 台面上有球尚未完全靜止時擊球
(d) 選手擊球瞬間雙腳同時離地
(e) 目標球離開台面
(f) 非法碰觸球
(g) 連擊
(h) 推桿
(i) 開球線後的非法擊打
11. 擊打8號球
當選手擊打8號球時，只要8號球未進袋也沒有跳離台面，即使犯規或主球入袋都不算輸掉該局，此時對手獲得自由擊球權。
12. 球組混淆
當球組已確定，如果一名選手錯誤地擊打對方球組中的球，該犯規必須在他進行下一次擊打前被宣判。當任一選手或裁判意識到球組已被雙方錯誤地交換擊打時，該局即刻停止並由原開球選手重新開球。
13. 輸局
選手如果違反以下規定則輸掉該局：
(a) 擊進8號球同時犯規（開球時除外）
(b) 選手將本組最後一顆目標球擊打入袋的同時擊進8號球
(c) 將8號球擊離台面
(d) 8號球進入非指定球袋
(e) 選手還未將本方目標球全部擊進球袋前就將8號球擊進袋。
14. 僵局
如果裁判判斷發生僵局或可能發生僵局時，他應提議選手重新開球。但如果有選手拒絕，裁判將允許比賽繼續一段時間，一般而言，裁判會讓雙方再各出三桿或依其判斷而另作決定。此後如僵持局面仍未被打開，裁判將宣布僵局並擺球重新開始此局比賽，同時：
(a) 由原開球選手重新開球
(b) 原擊球順序不改變。
By CBSA